Useful tips for Fedora and its applications. Most of these tips apply to Fedora in general, but some are specific to our environment and the software we have installed on our systems.
By default, Fedora installs some media players that can hardly play any media. This is because of software patents and other restrictions which do not apply here. So, we have other media players available and you can select one that works.
Go to the menu “Preferences” and select “Preferred applications”. Under “Removable media” you can fill in which applications to use for audio cds and video dvds. You may have personal favorites, but players that works with most types of media are vlc and xine. For xine, the options should be set as:
Audio cd:xine –auto-scan cd –auto-play
Video dvd:xine –auto-scan dvd –auto-play
In the same preferences window, under “Default applications”, you can select what to do with media files on disk (eg when double-clicking them in your file manager). To select in more detail which player to use to play media files from disk (eg if you want a certain media player for MP3s and another for other audio formats), right-click on the file in the nautilus file manager and select “properties”. If your preferred application is already listed, select it to make it the default for this type of file. if not, click on “Add” to get a list of all applications that are registered with the filemanager, and you can even provide a custom commandline for a non-registered application there.
Keyboard settings come in a couple of categories. The “Preferences” menu has the item “Keyboard”, which includes keyboard shortcuts, and the submenu “Accessibility” has another set of keyboard options.
Keyboard properties are now part of the Region & Language configuration (gnome-control-center region), under “Input sources”. Here you can select the keyboard layout. Our default is “English international AltGr dead keys”, and view the keyboard layout (the icon that looks like a miniature keyboard).
Keyboard shortcuts () is the place to tell the system what to do if special function keys are pressed, e.g. the multimedia keys present on many keyboards.
Main section: Dropbox. Similar considerations hold for other cloud storage tools.
Dropbox is a nice tool to synchronize some documents between computers. It is available on our desktops, but take care of a couple of things:
Fedora puts mail-notification in the user's standard session. This is an application which goes into the system tray in the panel, and shows you if you have new mail. Very useful, if configured properly. So, when unconfigured, it pops up a configuration dialog where you can fill in your mail details. But unfortunately, if you don't want the thing at all, you cannot simply tell it to go away. However, you can remove it from your session by running the program gnome-tweak-tool from the commandline. Search for the Mail Notification line and remove it.
Some applications are clearly designed for use by a single user on a single system, and some of this doesn't scale well to n users on m systems (something like n*m comes to mind). In other words, things come to a grinding halt, complicated even more by the lack of disk quota on the home disk, whereas $HOME is one of the few locations an application can count on to exist on any system. Here are some tips to get around that kind of problem.
Note: as of Firefox 21.0 (June 2013), the default cache location has been changed: temporary disk cache is under /tmp, and the OfflineCache and other more permanent caches, are under $HOME/.cache . The first time you start this new Firefox version, the new caches will be created. So, see the tips about the freedesktop.org standard .cache directory. Once the other programs make the same change, this entry will become obsolete. So for recent Firefox versions, see the entry about the freedesktop.org XDG standards below.
Firefox and a number of other programs use a lot of space in your home directory. And since home is on a remote disk, it will even be slower than running locally. The easiest solution is, to move the entire directory tot the local disk and make a link to it, like this:
mv ~/.mozilla /data/username/ ln -s /data/username/.mozilla ~ or - to make it work even when switching desks - ln -s /net/<hostname>/data1/<username>/.mozilla ~
Of course, /data/username should be an existing directory on your local disk, so don't copy this example literally. The same trick works for some other disk hogs, here is a list:
Note: for Gimp, you can also go into the preferences and change the locations of the swap directory and temporary files. This is probably easier than moving the directory and remembering to repeat those steps when a new version of the program comes out. You can also check, if earlier versions of Gimp left behind their directories, and remove them if they exist.
A lot of programs are using the Freedesktop XDG basedir setup, which puts configuration files in .config, cache in .cache and various data files of the application in .local
However, the data and cache parts can become quite big, causing two problems: disk quota usage on the home disk, and performance loss (since the home disk is remote, and this can cause lots of read and write access).
Now the XDG standard provides a mechanism to move those files to another location, and we suggest users move them to one of their local data disks. We also provide a script sfinx-xdg that takes care of the environment setup, but selecting a location and moving the files is something you can do yourself. By default (2019-03-20) the cache is moved for all users to the local /data1, unless they set another location.
A quick solution (shown here just for the cache), is to move the cache to a data disk and link to that location:
mv ~/.cache /net/yourcomputer/data1/username/cache ln -s /net/yourcomputer/data1/username/cache ~/.cache
a more complete setup works like this:
eval `sfinx-xdg` mv ~/.local/share/* $XDG_DATA_HOME/
One thing to note: evolution stores all local mail folders in its data structure, so now that those are on your local data disk, they are no longer included in system backups. But, we are talking about local folders, not IMAP folders on the mail server (which are in ~/Maildir on the server) so this will probably not affect your mail. But if you make backups, you may want to include $XDG_DATA_HOME just to be sure.
The current KDE version 4.x (& higher) contains a lot of enhancements, but also a tool that drives users over their disk quota fast. And a lot of processes get started in your session, whether you want them or not.
The disk hog is called akonadi, it is started automatically, and even without doing anything with it, it creates a database of 140 MB in .local/share/akonadi. This database is used as backend for the addressbook and a couple of other applications, and the size may grow if you actually use it.
A few other services in KDE may take a lot of memory, cpu time and disk space. Now this is all fine if you are actually using these services, like the addressbook database stored by akonadi, the desktop search features provided by Nepomuk, etc. But if you don't need these services, here is how to get rid of them:
systemsettings from the terminal)~/.local/share/akonadi and you can just throw it all away if you don't use it. Nepomuk takes up a bit of space in ~/.kde/share/apps/nepomukbaloo, which is another desktop file indexer. To disable it, run: balooctl disable
GNOME and Cinnamon desktops have a program zeitgeist-datahub running, which logs activity so searches will show up recent files, recently used apps, etc. Luckily, it's database isn't too big but it can cause problems and if you don't need it, getting rid of it might be a good idea.
.local/share/zeitgeist to erase all recorded history
For some reason, baloo is also active in most cinnamon sessions (see KDE). To disable it, run:
balooctl disable
See also modify desktop session
Evolution is a mail/calendar suite, and can be a very useful tool, if you use it. Unfortunately, a lot of programs are started in each user session, even if you don't need them, or even if you have never used evolution. These programs don'rt show up in the usual sesson program dialogs, but from the commandline it is possible to disable them:
systemctl --user daemon-reload systemctl --user disable --now evolution-source-registry systemctl --user disable --now evolution-calendar-factory systemctl --user disable --now evolution-addressbook-factory
The ClipIt tool provides a history of cut and paste actions. Very useful… If it works. And unfortunately, it often doesn't work (mostly related to damaged history files, or insufficient disk quota at some point). So, it you don't require the feature, or if it simply blocks any cut & paste action in your session, just exit the program or remove it from your session startup applications.